分词_小百科

分词作状语

分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。

分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。.当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式,当所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。完成或被动关系用过去分词。

（1）现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.

（2）过去分词 Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.

"while ( when, once, until, if , though等从属连词 )+分词"结构

现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等从属连词。

When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……

Once recovered , he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.

Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.

分词作定语

分词作定语时，具有形容词的性质。单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语作定语，置于被修饰词的后面。现在分词表示主动、进行意义，及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动、完成意义，不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成意义。

We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries

分词作状语

现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作：

Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.

现在分词短语还可以表示原因, 相当于一个原因状语从句：

Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money.

现在分词短语还可以表示时间, 相当于一个时间状语从句：

Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
Returning home, he began to do his homework.
Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
Be careful when crossing the road.
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished her work, she went home.

分词作定语

She has a pleased look on her face.
The teacher gave us a satisfied smile.
cooked food
a written report
fried eggs
boiled water
frozen food
armed forces
required courses
fallen leaves
finished products
a forced smile
the risen sun
new arrived visitors
What’s the language spoken in that country?
They're problems left by the history
The play put on by the teachers was a big success.
Is there anybody injured ?
Do you know the number of books ordered ?

（） 1. __________ with the best students, I still have a long way to go.

A. Having compared B. To compare C. Compared D. Compare

（） 2. The music of the film _________ by him sounds so ___________ .

A. playing, exciting B. played, excited C. playing, excited D. played, exciting

（） 3. __________ against the coming hurricane, they didn't dare leave home.

A. Warned B. Having warned C. To warn D. Warn

（） 4. In __________ countries, you can’t always make yourself _______ by speaking English.

A. English-speaking, understand B. English- spoken , understand

C. English -speaking, understood D. English-spoken, understood

（）5. After _____________ the old man, the doctor suggested that he ___________ a bad cold.

A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught

C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch

（） 6. _____________ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it.

A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer

C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer

（） 7. ________ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary.

A. Having not known B. Not to know C. Don’t know D. Not knowing

（） 8. As his parent, you shouldn’t have your child ___________ such a book.

A. read B. to read C. reading D. be reading

（） 9. He returned from abroad ______________ that his mother had been badly ill.

A. heard B. having been heard C. having phoned D. having been phoned

答案:

1. C； 2. D； 3. A； 4. C； 5. C； 6. B； 7. D； 8. A； 9. D

分词 作状语

分词 作定语

分词 作状语

分词 作定语

分词作状语

分词作定语

分词作状语

分词作定语