(Please see English version below)

越野滑雪又被称为“北欧滑雪”，许多运动生理学家和研究人员认为越野滑雪是世界上最好的有氧运动。从事这项运动时您需要调动全身的力量，包括胳膊、大腿、腰腹等身体各个部位的肌肉。越野滑雪和高山滑雪最主要的区别是，越野滑雪时您的脚跟与雪板分离，您的脚跟可以自由活动。只有脚尖部位跟雪板连接在一起，这样您就可以在不同的地形条件下滑行，不管是上山还是下山，而高山滑雪时您的整个脚板都与雪板相连，所以您只能从高处往低处滑行。

越野滑雪的前世起源

越野滑雪起源于13世纪的斯堪的纳维亚半岛，如今它已经从一种单纯的交通方式演变成一项神兽滑雪爱好者喜爱的北欧体育运动。十五世纪至十七世纪，芬兰、丹麦、瑞典和俄国等国家，在战争中也都应用了滑雪技术。1924年2月3日，国际滑雪联合会在法国夏蒙尼创立，同年越野滑雪被列为冬奥会比赛项目。

越野滑雪的今生故事

冬奥会近三分之一的比赛项目属于越野滑雪类比赛或其它的北欧运动项目。冬奥会越野滑雪共设12个小项，男子项目为：1.5km竞速、10kmC+10kmF追逐、15kmC、30kmF、50kmC、4x10km接力（2C+2F）；女子项目设：1.5km竞速、5kmC+5kmF追逐、10kmC、15kmF、30kmC、4x5km接力（2C+2F）。

越野滑雪场地要求

越野线路设计应能检验运动员的技术、技巧、体能，其难度应与比赛的水平相适应，尽可能自然，避免单调，有起伏波动和上、下坡的路段。比赛的雪道要求是上坡、波动式道面及有变化的下坡各占1/3，雪道的最高点不得超过海拔1800米。在可能的条件下应设计穿过森林的线路。但线路不宜由急转弯和陡坡构成，下坡线路要确保运动员安全通过，即使在快的或冰状的雪道上滑行也应如此。

按惯例，越野滑雪线路应包括：

1/3的上坡，斜度应在9%(1：11)到18%(1：5.5)之间，其高度差为10m以上，加上一些短的大于斜度18%的陡坡。

1/3的起伏路面，利用短的上下坡路面(其高度差为1-9m)。

1/3变化的下坡，要求多种滑降技术。

越野滑雪用具

国内雪场推荐

长白山鲁能胜地滑雪场

国内首个专业为初中级滑雪者和度假游客提供完善教学体系的滑雪场地，拥有国内最佳的地形公园，由国际顶级地形设计师亲自操刀设计，设置30余种不同难度的地形障碍道具，是展示滑雪技巧、释放运动极限的绝佳场地。

长春鹿鸣谷滑雪场

地处亚洲最大的5A级国家森林秘境。这里气候宜人，冬季的雪质松软且颗粒小，顺着舒缓的山势，鹿鸣谷打造了适合各种滑雪级别的滑雪场，无论是滑雪入门菜鸟、滑雪爱好者、还是顶尖的职业选手，都能在这里找到适合自己的雪道，体验穿行于冰雪之上的美妙享受。

长春净月潭滑雪场

长春净月潭滑雪场是长春市内唯一具有中级滑雪道的滑雪场，2001年投入使用，是长春最早的中级雪道。乘坐缆车可远眺长春市区，一览净月潭浩瀚林海雪原，堪称长春冬季最佳的滑雪运动场所，也是负氧离子含量最多的雪场。

延安国际滑雪场

国内最大的城市滑雪场，拥有越野雪道、高级雪道、中级雪道、初级雪道及雪圈道，总长5.5公里。雪场内雪具大厅、廊桥、魔毯、缆车、滑道和附属设施一应俱全。

北京万科石京龙滑雪场

全国首家采用人工造雪的滑雪场，拥有北京市范围内最大落差的高级雪道，设备设施齐全，国内首家互联网雪场，营造开放式、平台式、友好型的滑雪体验。

What is cross-country skiing?

Cross Country skiing (a.k.a Nordic Skiing or XC Skiing) is – in the opinion of many exercise physiologists - the world’s best aerobic fitness activity. The sport involved simultaneous use of arms and legs utilizing ski equipment including boots, poles and skis. The primary functional difference between cross-country skiing and alpine(downhill) skiing is that the skier is attached to the ski only with the toe of the boot with the heel “free”. In alpine skiing, the entire foot is attached to the ski. The free heel allows a skier to climb, descend and the traverse terrain making the sport a truly cross-country activity. In alpine skiing and snowboarding, the participants is limited to the range of downhill slopes.

With origins in Scandinavia in the 13th century, cross-country skiing has come a long way from being the sole method of transportation for snow and ice-bound Northerners. On Feb. 3, 1924, Federation Internationale de Ski (FIS) was founded in Chamonix, France. On the same year, cross-country skiing was classified as the Winter Olympic Games. Competitions span the globe with a third of all the Winter Olympic medals being awarded in cross-country skiing and the other Nordic sports. There're 12 cross-country races in the Winter Olympics: Men's 1.5km Sprint, Men's 10kmC+10kmF Pursuit, Men's 15kmC, Men's 30kmF, Men's 50kmC, Men's 4x10km Relay (2C+2F), Ladies' 1.5km Sprint, Ladies' 5kmC+5kmF Pursuit, Ladies' 10kmC, Ladies' 15kmF, Ladies' 30kmC, Ladies' 4x5km Relay (2C+2F).

What track is fit for cross-country skiing?

The track of cross-country skiing shall be adapted to the athletes' technical skills, physical fitness and competition level. There should be 1/3 upslope, 1/3 rise and fall roads, and 1/3 downslope. The peak-point should not exceed 1800 metres height. At the same time, the sharp turn and steep slope should not be in the track.

The equipment for cross-country skiing

When racing, you should wear ski suit, ski boots, ski pole and ski board for fitness and security.

Ski Resort Recommended

Changbaishan Luneng Resort

Changbaishan Luneng Resort is the first ski field in China which can provide full professional training for skiers and tourists.

Has the best terrain park with over 30 barriers, designed by top international course designers.

Changchun Deer Valley Ski Resort

Located in Asia's largest AAAAA level national forest area. The snow here is soft. Deer Valley has various skiing track for different skiers.

Changchun Jingyuetan Ski Resort

The only ski field which has medium ski track in Changchun. Opened in 2001. You can take cable car to visit the vast forest in Jingyuetan Park. The best field to visit in Winter.