研究生(外文):LIN, YEN 論文名稱:私人教練與規律健身者評估阻力訓練動作之能力差異 論文名稱(外文):Difference in Evaluation of Resistance Training Movements between Personal Trainers and Regular Gym-Goers 指導教授:陳尹華 指導教授(外文):CHEN, YIN-HUA 學位類別:碩士 校院名稱:國立體育大學 系所名稱:競技與教練科學研究所 論文出版年:2024 語文別:中文 論文頁數:67 論文摘要
近年來規律健身者大幅增加，在健身房中屢見其以不正確方式指導旁人之狀況。私人教練身為健身產業的專業人士，除了能幫助客戶在安全的環境下運動外，更能正確地評估動作者之動作，幫助其有效健身。生物動作透露動作者各關節間動態相互關係的訊息；文獻顯示一般人在觀看步行動作時，可成功辨別動作者之性別；而具備專項運動經驗者，可進一步辨別專項動作技術及該動作者之性別。因此，生物動作一方面可用來評估動作者之動作，另一方面也可用來檢視觀察者是否能擷取動作者透露之關鍵訊息。藉此，本研究招募23名私人教練及22名規律健身者，要求其觀看六大阻力訓練動作之生物動作影片，並評估該動作由初學者或專業者執行，另以是否能判斷單腳蹲動作者之性別，分別檢視其辨識專項和一般訊息之差異。研究結果與文獻相符，兩組均能成功辨識單腳蹲動作者之性別。三因子 (2組x 2類動作者x 6動作) 混合設計變異數分析結果顯示，私人教練評估阻力訓練動作之正確率高於規律健身者，而兩組均花較多時間評估專業者動作 (相較於初學者動作)。有趣的是，當划船動作由專業者執行時，相較於同樣動作由初學者執行之情境，兩組均花費較長時間、且呈現較高辨識正確率，以及辨識正確之一致性；在評估臥推動作時，則大致呈現相反趨勢。綜合而言，本研究結果顯示私人教練比規律健身者更能夠知覺出動作者是否有效執行阻力訓練動作之關鍵訊息，可能與其具備較多執行與觀察阻力訓練動作、以及具備相關專業知識有關，凸顯了私人教練的價值。未來研究進一步探討不同健身房類型之私人教練。
論文外文摘要
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of regular gym-goers, and they have been found to incorrectly instruct others. As professionals in the fitness industry, personal trainers can not only assist clients in exercising within a safe environment but also help them improve effectively by accurately assessing their excises. Biological motion reveals dynamic interrelationships between joints during movements. Previous studies have shown that individuals can successfully identify the gender of a performer by observing their gaits. Furthermore, expert, whether athletes or musicians, can distinguish between different movement techniques within their respective domains and identify the gender of the performer. Therefore, biological motion can serve as a means to assess the movement of performers and to evaluate whether observers can extract crucial kinematic information conveyed by the performers. Based on these findings, this study recruited 23 personal trainers and 22 regular gym-goers and asked them to watch biological motion videos displaying six major resistance training exercises. Participants were asked to assess whether the exercises were performed by novices or professionals. Additionally, they were asked to identify the gender of performers executing the single-leg squat, aiming to examine their differences in evaluating domain-specific and general movement information, respectively. The results were consistent with previous findings, as both groups could successfully identify the gender of performers executing single-leg squat. The three-way (2 groups x 2 types of performers x 6 exercises) mixed-design ANOVAs revealed that personal trainers exhibited higher accuracy in evaluating resistance training exercises compared to regular gym-goers. Additionally, both groups spent more time evaluating exercises performed by professionals as compared to the same exercises performed by novices. Interestingly, when professionals performed the rowing exercise, both groups showed higher accuracy, longer evaluation times, and greater consistency in correct identifications compared to the same exercise performed by novices. However, a generally opposite tendency was found when evaluating bench press exercises. In summary, our results demonstrated that personal trainers could perceive critical kinematic information of effective resistance training exercises compared to regular gym-goers. This ability might be associated with their greater experience in performing and observing these exercises, as well as their deeper background knowledge, thus aligning their values compared to frequent gym-goers. Future research is suggested to further investigate personal trainers from different types of gyms.