admit
,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,give up,cannot help(
can't
help),imagine,include,keep,understand,keep on,mind,
report
,risk,miss,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used to,get used to,devote…to…,look forward to,pay attention to,get down to,escape 等。如:
They went on walking and never stopped talking.
I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.
在海滩上走真是乐事。
Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
每当马克违反
交通规则
时,他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。
有些动词之后既可接
动词不定式
,又可接动名词,可把这类动词分为三种类型:两种形式所表达的含义基本相同,可以互换。这
类动词
有:
They ceased talking/to talk.他们停止说话。
Prices will continue to rise/rising.物价将继续上扬。
What do you intend to do/doing next?你下一步打算干什么?
宾语用不定式和动名词所表达的含义略有变化。用不定式作宾语时,表示特定的一次性的未来动作;用动名词则表示一般的行为,或者是目前正在进行的行为。也可以说,动名词表示泛指的动作,而不定式表示特指的动作。常这样用的动词有:hate,like,love,
prefer
,dread等。
例如:
Would you like to go with me?你想跟我一起走吗?
He preferred to do this rather than do that.他宁愿做这件事,而不愿做那件事。
动名词充当定语往往表示被
修饰词
的某种用途。如:
a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping
2) 在动名词和
不定式
中,作为介词的宾语是动名词
例:
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.
A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you’re calling(Key:C;换成
your
calling也对)
4) 有些词后面只能接动名词
acknowledge;
admit
; advise;advocate;allow;appreciate; avoid; be worth(后面的动名词必须是主动形式); celebrate; consider;
contemplate
;
defer
; delay; deny;
detest
; discontinue;
dislike
; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse;
explain
; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means;
mention
; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon;
postpone
; practice; prevent; recall;
report
; resent; resist; risk; stand; suggest; understand...
it’s no good;
it’s no/little/hardly any/ use;
it’s not/hardly/scarcely use;
spend money/time;
there’s no;
there’s no point in;
there’s nothing worse than;
what’s the use/point...
6) 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
remember,forget,try,stop,go on,continue,stop,regret,
cease
,mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不同。例:
remember to do/doing:
①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作)
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
forget与remember的用法类似。
regret的用法:
①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……)
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。)
try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验):
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.
某些以-endo/-ando结尾的词来自动名词,如:
crescendo(名词/形容词/副词/
不及物动词
)来自
拉丁语
动词crescere(增长)的动名词夺格。
innuendo(名词/动词)来自拉丁语innuere(意味着)的动名词夺格。