Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
背景 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 疫苗接种与反应原性和体液免疫反应的关系具有重要研究意义。目前的研究旨在评估辉瑞和阿斯利康 COVID-19 疫苗在沙特阿拉伯麦地那成年人中的反应原性和免疫原性。方法采用横断面研究，随机抽取 365 名在 2021 年 2 月 1 日至 6 月 30 日期间接受同源初免加强疫苗接种的成人辉瑞或阿斯利康疫苗接种者。收集身高和体重数据，以评估接种者的体重状况。使用酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 评估抗严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 抗体的血清阳性。结果 在参与者中，69% (n = 250) 报告至少一种与疫苗相关的症状。注射部位疼痛是最常报告的疫苗相关症状。接受阿斯利康疫苗的参与者、女性和既往没有感染过 COVID-19 的参与者中，疫苗相关症状的平均总分显着较高 (p < 0.05)。接受两剂疫苗后，98.9% 的参与者检测到了刺突特异性 IgG 抗体，其中辉瑞疫苗接种者为 99.5%，阿斯利康疫苗接种者为 98.3%。值得注意的是，与其他年龄组的参与者相比，<35 岁年龄组的参与者在第一剂疫苗接种后产生体液免疫反应的比例更高。 结论 与接受阿斯利康 COVID-19 疫苗的参与者相比，接受辉瑞 COVID-19 疫苗的参与者报告的疫苗相关并发症较少，但两种疫苗均未报告严重副作用。健康状况和年龄是可能影响 COVID-19 疫苗产生 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白抗体有效性的因素。
Background
The relationships of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination with reactogenicity and the humoral immune response are important to study. The current study aimed to assess the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the Pfizer and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines among adults in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study, including 365 randomly selected adult Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccine recipients who received a homologous prime-boost vaccination between February 1st and June 30th, 2021. Data of height and weight were collected to assess the weight status of percipients. An evaluation of seropositivity for anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
Among the participants, 69% (n = 250) reported at least one vaccine-related symptom. Pain at the injection site was the most frequently reported vaccine-related symptom. The mean total score for vaccine-related symptoms was significantly higher among participants who received the AstraZeneca vaccine, women, and participants with no previous COVID-19 infection (p < 0.05). Spike-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 98.9% of participants after the receipt of two vaccine doses, including 99.5% of Pfizer vaccine recipients and 98.3% of AstraZeneca vaccine recipients. Significantly, higher proportions of participants in the <35-year age group developed a humoral immune response after the first vaccine dose compared with the participants in other age groups.
Conclusion
Participants who received the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine reported fewer vaccine-related complications compared with those who received the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, but no serious side effects were reported in response to either vaccine. Health status and age were factors that may influence COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness for the generation of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
