地图标注是在地图中进行文字或图标的标注，从而显示对应的信息
本文基于OpenLayers实现地图上图文的标注与弹窗显示
OpenLayers官网：
OpenLayers - Welcome
OpenLayers的GitHub站点：
openlayers/openlayers: OpenLayers (github.com)
OpenLayers API文档：
OpenLayers v6.15.1 API - Index
2. 图文标注实现
本文实现图文标注的实质就是添加点时设置点要素（Point）的Style
设置图片标注就是在Style中添加Image
设置文字标注就是在Style中添加Text
以下是实现图文标注的核心代码：
const feature = new ol.Feature({
geometry: new ol.geom.Point(evt.coordinate)
feature.setStyle(new ol.style.Style({
text: new ol.style.Text({
text: evt.coordinate[0].toFixed(4) + ',' + evt.coordinate[1].toFixed(4),
offsetY: 30,
font: '12px Calibri,sans-serif',
fill: new ol.style.Fill({
color: '#000'
stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({
color: '#fff',
width: 3
image: new ol.style.Icon({
src: './images/blueIcon.png',
scale: 0.5,
anchor: [0.5, 0.5],
rotateWithView: true,
rotation: 0,
opacity: 0.5,
color: '#0000ff'
vectorSource.addFeature(feature);
完整代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.14.1/css/ol.css" type="text/css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.14.1/build/ol.js"></script>
<style>
html,
body,
#map {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
#button {
position: absolute;
top: 80px;
left: 10px;
z-index: 100;
</style>
</head>
<div id="map"></div>
<div id="button">
<button onclick="active()">激活</button>
<button onclick="deactive()">反激活</button>
<script>
function active() {
map.on('click', onClick);
function deactive() {
map.un('click', onClick);
</script>
<script>
const map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [
new ol.layer.Tile({
source: new ol.source.OSM()
view: new ol.View({
center: [128, 31.5],
zoom: 5,
projection: 'EPSG:4326'
const vectorSource = new ol.source.Vector({
features: []
const vectorLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({
source: vectorSource,
style: new ol.style.Style({
map.addLayer(vectorLayer);
function onClick(evt) {
console.log(evt.coordinate);
const feature = new ol.Feature({
geometry: new ol.geom.Point(evt.coordinate)
feature.setStyle(new ol.style.Style({
text: new ol.style.Text({
text: evt.coordinate[0].toFixed(4) + ',' + evt.coordinate[1].toFixed(4),
offsetY: 30,
font: '12px Calibri,sans-serif',
fill: new ol.style.Fill({
color: '#000'
stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({
color: '#f00',
width: 3
image: new ol.style.Icon({
src: './images/blueIcon.png',
scale: 0.5,
anchor: [0.5, 0.5],
rotateWithView: true,
rotation: 0,
opacity: 0.5,
color: '#0000ff'
vectorSource.addFeature(feature);
</script>
</body>
</html>
实现效果如下：
当我们点击某个要素时，希望在这个要素附近显示其具体信息，这个时候往往使用Popup弹出框实现
本文的Popup弹出框的实现实质就是在OpenLayers中创建一个Overlay，其实现流程为：
创建DOM元素（通常为div及包含的子元素）
创建Overlay并将DOM元素挂载
监听地图点击事件
点击地图中的要素时读取要素信息并向地图（Map）中添加Overlay
具体实现流程如下：
创建DOM元素
<div id="popup" class="ol-popup">
<a href="#" id="popup-closer" class="ol-popup-closer"></a>
<div id="popup-content"></div>
创建Overlay并将DOM元素挂载
const popup = new ol.Overlay({
element: document.getElementById('popup')
监听事件，读取要素信息并向地图中添加Overlay
map.on('click', popupFunc)
function popupFunc(evt) {
var feature = map.forEachFeatureAtPixel(evt.pixel, function (feature, layer) {
return feature
if (feature) {
console.log(evt.coordinate);
const content = feature.getGeometry().getCoordinates();
popup.setPosition(content);
map.addOverlay(popup);
document.getElementById('popup-content').innerHTML = `
<p>lng: ${content[0].toFixed(4)}</p>
<p>lat: ${content[1].toFixed(4)}</p>
document.querySelector('#popup-closer').addEventListener('click', function () {
map.removeOverlay(popup);
完整代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.14.1/css/ol.css" type="text/css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.14.1/build/ol.js"></script>
<style>
html,
body,
#map {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
#button {
position: absolute;
top: 80px;
left: 10px;
z-index: 100;
.ol-popup {
position: absolute;
background-color: white;
-webkit-filter: drop-shadow(0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2));
filter: drop-shadow(0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2));
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 10px;
border: 1px solid #cccccc;
bottom: 10px;
left: -50px;
.ol-popup:after,
.ol-popup:before {
top: 100%;
border: solid transparent;
content: ' ';
height: 0;
width: 0;
position: absolute;
pointer-events: none;
.ol-popup:after {
border-top-color: white;
border-width: 10px;
left: 48px;
margin-left: -10px;
.ol-popup:before {
border-top-color: #cccccc;
border-width: 11px;
left: 48px;
margin-left: -11px;
.ol-popup-closer {
text-decoration: none;
position: absolute;
top: 2px;
right: 8px;
.ol-popup-closer:after {
content: '✖';
#popup-content {
font-size: 14px;
font-family: '微软雅黑';
#popup-content .markerInfo {
font-weight: bold;
</style>
</head>
<div id="map"></div>
<div id="popup" class="ol-popup">
<a href="#" id="popup-closer" class="ol-popup-closer"></a>
<div id="popup-content"></div>
<div id="button">
<button onclick="active()">激活</button>
<button onclick="deactive()">反激活</button>
<script>
function active() {
map.addInteraction(draw);
map.un('click', popupFunc);
function deactive() {
map.removeInteraction(draw);
map.on('click', popupFunc)
</script>
<script>
const map = new ol.Map({
target: 'map',
layers: [
new ol.layer.Tile({
source: new ol.source.OSM()
view: new ol.View({
center: [100.2382, 30.0207],
zoom: 12,
projection: 'EPSG:4326'
const popup = new ol.Overlay({
element: document.getElementById('popup')
const source = new ol.source.Vector({
features: []
const vector = new ol.layer.Vector({
source: source
map.addLayer(vector);
const draw = new ol.interaction.Draw({
source: source,
type: 'Point'
function popupFunc(evt) {
var feature = map.forEachFeatureAtPixel(evt.pixel, function (feature, layer) {
return feature
if (feature) {
console.log(evt.coordinate);
const content = feature.getGeometry().getCoordinates();
popup.setPosition(content);
map.addOverlay(popup);
document.getElementById('popup-content').innerHTML = `
<p>lng: ${content[0].toFixed(4)}</p>
<p>lat: ${content[1].toFixed(4)}</p>
document.querySelector('#popup-closer').addEventListener('click', function () {
map.removeOverlay(popup);
draw.on('drawend', function (evt) {
const feature = evt.feature;
const coordinates = feature.getGeometry().getCoordinates();
console.log(coordinates);
feature.setStyle(new ol.style.Style({
image: new ol.style.Icon({
src: './images/blueIcon.png'
text: new ol.style.Text({
text: coordinates[0].toFixed(4) + ',' + coordinates[1].toFixed(4),
offsetY: 30,
fill: new ol.style.Fill({
color: '#f00'
</script>
</body>
</html>
最后的结果如下图：
4. 参考资料
[1]OpenLayers v6.15.1 API - Index
