帝皇：罗马开发日志 | 10/29 建城后450年的意大利
牧游社 牧有汉化翻译
Imperator - Development Diary - 29th of October 2018 - Italy 450 AUC
Trin Tragula, Imperator
Hello and welcome to another Development Diary for Imperator:Rome!
大家吼，欢迎来到帝皇：罗马的又一篇开发日志！
I am @Trin Tragula and today I will talk a bit about maps and the political situation at the start of the game.
我是 @Trin Tragula ，今天要给大家讲一些游戏开局时的地图和政治情势。
Previously we have talked about how we have approached researching the map. In this diary I will instead focus on what our map actually looks like, and the situation in Italy at our start date, 304 BC. This date was chosen after long consideration and we hope that it will provide an as interesting setting for a game that spans the main expansive phase of Rome’s existence (as well as many other things, but we will get to those later, in other diaries).
之前我们讨论过我们是如何着手研究地图的，但在这篇开发日志里我要关注我们的地图实际看起来是什么样子的，以及在开局时间304BC时的意大利局势如何。这个开局时间是经过了长久的考虑后选定的，我们希望这能为游戏提供有趣的设定，模拟出罗马势力的主要扩张阶段（以及许多其它事项，但我们之后才会在其它的开发日志中讨论这些事情）。
Italy Ab Urbe Condita 450 - 304 BCE
意大利，建城后450年（公元前304年）
Central Italy - The Rise of Rome
中部意大利 – 罗马的崛起
At the start of Imperator, the city of Rome is already an impressive 450 years old. Rome has however not been a major force for nearly as long. In the last 40 years leading up to our start Rome has begun to grow quickly, first unifying the lands of the Latin League under its rule and then expanding at the expense of its former Samnite allies.
在 帝皇：罗马 开局时，罗马城已经令人印象深刻地屹立了450年了，但罗马在这相同长的时间段里并没有成长为一个主要势力。在我们开局时间往前的40年内，罗马迅速地成长，第一次统一了 拉丁同盟Latin League 的土地，并且牺牲了自己先前的盟友 萨莫奈人Samnite 进行了扩张。
The recently concluded Great Samnite war has transformed Rome from a local power in Latium and designs on Campania to a large country stretching right across the central Apennines to the Adriatic coast.
最近刚结束的 大萨莫奈战争Great Samnite War （亦即第二次萨莫奈战争），将罗马从一个试图经略 坎帕尼亚Campania 的拉丁姆地方强权，变成了一个横跨亚平宁中部到亚得里亚海沿岸的大国。
The defeat of both Samnium and Etruria has both sent shockwaves through Italy and made a few select Romans very influential and very rich. This is an age where the Republic went through a period of dynamic development, with its institutions and its internal politics transforming from that of a small city to what would become the center of a growing empire.
萨莫奈人Samnite 和 伊特鲁里亚人Etruria 的同时失败震动了整个意大利，并使少数上层的罗马人变得非常有影响力和非常富裕。这个时期的罗马共和国经历了动荡发展的过程，其机构和内部政治形态都经历了改变，从小城邦的形态最终转变为了一个持续扩张的帝国的中心。
Starting Countries:
初始国家：
Rome: Independent Italic City State that has grown in the last 40 years to be the dominant power in Central Italy. Having just defeated both the Samnites and Etruscans, and acquired a number of new Feudatory subject states, Rome is starting to draw the attention of more faraway powers such as Carthage, Rhodes and Epirus. While the success of the Samnite wars have cemented Roman military superiority, they also highlight how even small conflicts can blow up into great multisided wars in this region.
罗马： 独立的意大利城邦，在过去的40年里成长为意大利中部的主导力量。刚刚击败了萨莫奈人和伊特鲁里亚人，并获得了一些新的臣属附庸国家，罗马开始引起了更遥远的势力的注意，比如迦太基、罗得岛和伊庇鲁斯。虽然萨莫奈战争的成功巩固了罗马的军事优势，但他们也要注意，即使是小型冲突也可能在这一地区爆发多边战争。
Samnium: League of Samnite states. Former ally but now immediate rival of Rome that has just been defeated in the Second Samnite war. Controls a number of fortifications that cut Central Italy from the south. The emergence of a strong Roman power have made them look abroad for supporters, to Etruria, Carthage and Syracuse.
萨莫奈： 萨莫奈人诸国的同盟，罗马是他们昔日的盟友，现今的宿敌，并且刚刚在第二次萨莫奈战争中击败了他们。萨莫奈控制着一系列要塞，把中部意大利与南方隔开。罗马强大势力的威胁使得他们向外寻找支援者，向伊特鲁里亚、迦太基和叙拉古求援。
Etruria: Tribal Federation of Etruscan states. The Etruscans are the formerly dominant people in Central Italy and overlords of Rome and many other states in the region. Now, however, they are a country of much more limited power and influence. They retain control over the central Etrurian region as well as parts of the island of Corsica, which was conquered with Carthaginian help many years ago.
伊特鲁里亚： 伊特鲁里亚人部落的联盟。伊特鲁里亚人本来是中部意大利的统治民族，罗马和该地区许多其它国家的前宗主国，但现在，他们成为了力量和影响力都有限的国家。他们仍然控制着中央伊特鲁里亚地区，以及科西嘉岛的部分地区，后者是多年前在迦太基人的帮助下征服的。
Sipontum: Small greek city state on the Adriatic coast. Sipontum belongs to a number of states that try to get by without being pulled into the designs of nearby powers such as the Samnites or Epirus on the other side of the Adriatic.
西庞托： 坐落在亚得里亚海岸的小型希腊城邦。西庞托地区属于一系列小邦，他们试图不被拉入附近强权的势力范围中，例如萨莫奈或亚得里亚海另一边的伊庇鲁斯。
Frentani : Sabellian Tribal Kingdom on the Adriatic coast. The Frentani control a vital communication route between the Roman colonies in the east and the route through the Apennines to Rome proper and are among the groups that turned to Rome to offer their allegiance at the end of the Great Samnite war.
佛伦塔尼： 亚得里亚海岸的萨贝利人部落王国。佛伦塔尼控制了沿亚平宁山脉到罗马本土的道路和罗马东部殖民地之间的重要联络通路，并且也是在大萨莫奈战争末尾时倒向罗马向其提供忠诚的势力之一。
Nuceria: Sabellian Plutocratic Republic, that fought against Rome in the Great Samnite War. The small state was however spared any vengeance in return for their everlasting loyalty to Rome and starts as a Roman Feudatory.
纽塞利亚： 萨贝利人的财阀共和国，在大萨莫奈战争中对抗罗马。这个小国最后向罗马宣誓效忠因而没有受到任何报复，在游戏开局时是罗马的一个臣属国。
Peligni: Medium Sized Tribal Kingdom in the upper Apennines. Sued for peace with Rome in order to become a Roman Feudatory at the end of the Second Samnite War.
佩里格尼： 上亚平宁地区的中型部落王国。在第二次萨莫奈战争末尾中向罗马投降，最后成为罗马的臣属国。
Marsia : Tribal Kingdom by the shores of the new lost lake of Fucino. Formerly Samnite ally but now Roman Feudatory since the end of the second Samnite war.
马西亚： 晚近消失的富奇湖湖畔的部落王国。之前是萨莫奈人的盟友，但在第二次萨莫奈战争结束后成为了罗马的臣属国。
Sabinia: Small Tribal kingdom precariously situated on the border of Etruria and Rome. While relations have never been good with the Romans, their recent victories have made Roman settlers even more interested in Sabinian land.
萨比尼亚： 小型部落王国，岌岌可危地坐落于伊特鲁里亚和罗马的边界旁边。尽管与罗马人的关系从来没有好过，但他们最近的胜利使罗马定居者对萨比尼亚人的土地比以往更感兴趣。
Picentia: Tribal kingdom on the Adriatic coast. Neighbors with Ancona and allies of Umbria.
皮切提亚： 亚得里亚海岸的部落王国。与安科纳相邻，并且和翁布里亚结盟。
Umbria: Aristocratic Republic in the Umbrian Apennines. Traditional enemies of the Etruscans and friends of Samnium. Allied with Picentia.
翁布里亚： 翁布里亚-亚平宁地区的贵族共和国。伊特鲁里亚人的传统宿敌和萨莫奈人的朋友。与皮切提亚结盟。
Ancona: Greek city state founded by Syracusan settlers. The local economy based on the export of dyes. With Syracusan presence in the adriatic waning Ancona is nowadays on its own, and surrounded by much stronger tribal countries.
安科纳： 叙拉古人定居者建立的希腊城邦。当地经济依靠染料出口。随着叙拉古在亚得里亚海逐渐衰落，安科纳如今只得依靠自己，并被更强大的部落国家所包围。
Sicily in the age of Agathocles
阿加托克利斯时代的西西里
Sicily is one of the greatest and richest islands of the Mediterranean. Like southern Italy it is home to a sizable Greek population, but unlike southern Italy it also has both valuable mines and great farmlands.
西西里是地中海最大和最富裕的岛屿之一。和南意大利一样，当地定居者数目可观的希腊人口，但不同于南意大利的是，该地也有着价值不菲的矿藏和大型农地。
In 304 BC the island is divided between the Great Power of Carthage and the Kingdom of Syracuse. The latter is ruled by the self proclaimed Tyrant Agathocles. A man who rose from humble origins and a life as a soldier and an adventurer, to be the leader of the greatest city on the island.
在公元前304年，该岛被强权 迦太基Carthage 和 叙拉古Syracuse 王国瓜分。后者由自称 僭主Tyrant 的 阿加托克利斯Agathocles 统治。他有着从卑微的出身，从士兵和冒险家的经历中崛起，成为岛上最大城市的领导者。
Agathocles' installation in Syracuse can in many ways be attributed to Carthage, who assisted with their army, hoping to destabilize the Greek state with which they had competed for hegemony over both the island of Sicily itself as well as Corsica and Sardinia.
阿加托克利斯在叙拉古的当权在很多方面可以归功于迦太基，迦太基援助他们的军队，希望破坏西西里岛以及科西嘉和撒丁岛上的希腊国家的稳定，彼时迦太基正在和他们争夺霸权。
No sooner had Agathocles been installed and slaughtered his political opposition, than he turned on his former allies. The last 8 years have been a long and drawn out struggle between Syracuse and Carthage. One in which the seemingly much stronger North African republic would see its countryside in modern Tunisia burn, and its commanders decapitated.
阿加托克利斯掌权并残杀了他的政治对手后不久，就把屠刀转向了他的前盟友。 过去的8年间，叙拉古和迦太基之间进行了漫长而艰苦的斗争。看似强大得多的北非共和国见证了其在现代突尼斯地区的乡村熊熊燃烧，其指挥官被斩于马下。
Nonetheless the peace that was finally signed in 306 BC, just two years before our start date, has more or less been a return to status quo. Carthage and Syracuse still control about as much of the island as they did before, and a central part remains unaligned, unwilling to directly declare for either side.
尽管如此，在我们游戏开局前两年，公元前306年终于还是签署了和平协议，或多或少地维持了现状。迦太基和叙拉古仍然控制着西西里岛和以前一样多的部分，岛屿中部的势力维持着未结盟状态，不愿意直接宣布倒向任何一方。
This is an uneasy peace, more dictated by a will to gain respite than real will to seek reconciliation. In Carthage itself, an ambitious general takes this as an opportunity to proclaim himself Tyrant, much like Agathocles did years prior. But where Agathocles could massacre his opponents, Bomilcar is abandoned by all his friends and publicly crucified.
这是不稳的和平，更多的是为了获得喘息的机会，而不是出自寻求和解的真正意愿。在迦太基那边，一位雄心勃勃的将军将此视为一个宣称自己为僭主的机会，就像多年前阿加托克利斯所做的那样。但是，阿加托克利斯可以做到屠杀他的对手， 波米尔卡Bomilcar 却只是被他的所有朋友抛弃并被当众钉死。
It is now 304 BC and in the east Alexander’s former generals have begun declaring themselves kings in their own right. Despite the uneasy truce with Carthage, Agathocles has decided to do the same, and names himself King of Sicily. What his plans are for realizing these ambitions are, only time can tell.
现在是公元前304年，在东方，亚历山大过去的将军已经开始以自己的权力宣布自己为国王。尽管与迦太基的休战令人不安，但阿加托克利斯决定也这样做，并宣布自己为西西里国王。他实现这些雄心壮志的计划究竟如何，只有时间可以见证。
Starting Countries:
初始国家：
Syracuse: Sicilian Greek Kingdom that at times have controlled most of the island. Only a medium power in the grand scheme of things but an important strategic piece of the mediterranean puzzle. Syracuse has previously been the overlord of much of Southern Italy and many expect that it has ambitions to that effect again.
叙拉古： 西西里希腊王国，彼时控制了岛上的大部分地区。在大范围来看只算是中等势力，但却是地中海拼图上的重要战略性的一片。叙拉古以前曾是意大利南部大部分地区的宗主国，许多人预计它会再次实现这一目标。
Siculia: The weakest country on Sicily, this small Tribal country represents the various cities that are not under Syracusan or Carthaginian control at our start. Their population are mostly Siculians and Greeks.
西库里亚： 西西里岛上最弱的国家，这个小型部落国家代表着开局时不属于叙拉古和迦太基控制下的数个城市，他们的人口大多数是西库里人和希腊人。
Carthage: Carthage is not a Sicily based power, and we will speak more about them in a future diary. Nonetheless they are one of the most influential playable countries in this region. The population of Carthaginian Sicily is a mix of Carthaginians, native Siculians, and Greeks.
迦太基： 迦太基不是以西西里为根据地的势力，我们将在未来的日志中将更多地谈论他们。尽管如此，他们仍是该地区最具影响力的可玩国家之一。迦太基西西里岛的人口是迦太基人、土著居民和希腊人的混合。
Southern Italy - Magna Graecia
南意大利 - 大希腊
At the time of our start date Southern Italy is a divided region. Also known as "Magna Graecia" It is home to a number of Greek city states, many who have ties to their former homeland, and to the great Hellenic power of Syracuse. The region is also home to a number of large tribal federations such as the Bruttian and Lucanian Leagues.
在游戏开局时，南意大利是一个割据的地区。该地区也被称作 大希腊Magna Graecia ，是许多希腊城邦的所在地，许多城邦与他们的希腊故土有着联系，并且和希腊强权叙拉古也有联系。该地也是许多大型部落联盟的家园，例如 布鲁提人Bruttian 和 卢卡尼亚同盟Lucanian Leagues 。
Many of the Greek cities once cooperated in the Italiote League, but many divisive conflicts have made that form of cooperation less relevant.
许多希腊城邦曾经在 意大利同盟Italiote League （一个希腊意大利城邦同盟）中合作，但许多分裂的冲突使得这种合作变得越发无关紧要。
Historically Syracuse has been dominating force in the region, but now Epirus, Rome, the Samnite League and even Sparta are also meddling in local politics.
历史上叙拉古是这个地区的统治势力，但现在伊庇鲁斯、罗马、萨莫奈同盟甚至是斯巴达都搅入到当地政治中来。
The end of the Second Samnite war in the north is about to send ripples through the political sphere, with some major powers reorienting themselves to be able to protect themselves from Rome, and others instead seeking Roman protection.
北边第二次萨莫奈战争的结束，即将在政治领域引起涟漪，一些大国重新定位自己，以保护自己免受罗马的侵犯，而其他人则反而寻求罗马人的保护。
Starting Countries:
初始国家：
Tarentum: Small but influential Greek City state, leader of the new defunct Italiote league. Tarentum has often been an ally of the Samnites and sometimes an enemy of Rome. Fearing growing Roman power, the Samnites have come to support Agathocles of Syracuse but Tarentum is equally concerned with Roman and Syracusan aggression and has instead sought other friends. It has found new allies in Sparta, Epirus and even the former enemy Messapia.
塔伦图姆 ：小而有影响力的希腊城邦，新的但无用的意大利联盟的领导者。塔伦图姆经常是萨莫奈的盟友，有时也是罗马的敌人。由于担心日益增长的罗马势力，萨莫奈开始支持叙拉古的阿加托克利斯，但是塔伦图姆同时担心来自罗马和叙拉古的侵略，因而转向寻求其他朋友。他们在斯巴达、伊庇鲁斯甚至是前敌人美萨皮亚那里都找到了新的盟友。
Lucania: Tribal Kingdom and Regional Power representing the Lucanian League. Enemies of Tarentum and the Samnites, Lucania is in some ways a logical ally for Rome, at least for now. Should Roman expansion take them too far south this might easily change in the future.
卢卡尼亚： 部落王国和地区强权，代表着卢卡尼亚联盟。作为塔伦图姆人和萨莫奈人的敌人，卢卡尼亚理所应当成为了罗马的盟友，至少目前是这样。如果罗马势力在南方扩张得太远，将来事情很可能轻易起变化。
Messapia: Tribal Messapian Kingdom on the heel of the Italian Boot. Historically often at odds with Tarentum but for now instead allied with both them and and the Apulians.
美萨皮亚： 位于意大利这个靴子的鞋跟上，美萨皮亚人的部落王国。历史上经常与塔伦图姆起争端，但现在却是塔伦图姆的盟友，同时也和阿普利亚人结盟。
Apulia: Tribal Messapian Kingdom, allied with Messapia.
阿普利亚： 美萨皮亚人的部落王国，与美萨皮亚结盟。
Bruttia: Tribal Kingdom in the far southern tip of Italy. Asserts influence over many of the nearby Greek cities and as such is the main safeguard against any Syracusan expansion in the region.
布鲁提亚： 位于意大利最南端的部落王国。它在附近的希腊城市中保持着影响力，以作为阻止叙拉古扩张的主要屏障。
Croton: Old Greek city state maintaining a precarious independence from the
Bruttia. In a defensive league with Metapontum and Herakleia.
克罗顿： 一个从布鲁提亚分裂出来的古老希腊城邦，保持着不稳定的独立。和梅塔蓬托以及赫拉克利亚一起建立了一个防御同盟。
Metapontum: Greek city state on the Tarentine Gulf. Metapontum is in a defensive league with Herakleia and Croton.
梅塔蓬托： 位于塔兰托湾的希腊城邦。和克罗顿以及赫拉克利亚一起在一个防御同盟里。
Hipponion: Greek city state and tributary to Bruttia, traditional rival of Croton, historically often in the Syracusan sphere of influence.
希伯尼翁： 希腊城邦，布鲁提亚的附属国，克罗顿的传统宿敌，历史上在叙拉古的势力范围内。
Locri: Greek Plutocratic Republic, feudatory of Syracuse.
洛克里： 一个希腊财阀共和国，叙拉古的臣属。
Rhegium: A formerly influential city in Magna Graecia, the Plutocratic Republic of Rhegium is a feudatory of Syracuse.
雷吉翁 ：一个曾经在大希腊有着影响力的城市，雷吉翁财阀共和国是叙拉古的臣属。
Thuria: Small and weak Greek City state with a very diverse greek population. Tributary to Bruttia.
图里亚： 一个又小又弱的希腊城邦，有着非常多样化的希腊人口，布鲁提亚的朝贡国。
Herakleia: Small Greek City state surrounded by Tarentum and Lucania. Herakleia is currently in a defensive league with Metapontum and Croton but is likely to reorient itself towards one of its larger neighbors.
赫拉克利亚： 被塔兰图姆和卢卡尼亚包围的希腊小城。赫拉克勒亚目前与梅塔蓬托和克罗顿一起建立了一个防御同盟，但它可能会重新调整自己的方向，投入到一个较大邻国的怀抱中。
Northern Italy & Gallia Cisalpina
北意大利和山南高卢
In 304 BC the northern Italian basin is dominated by Celtic, Lepontic, tribes. Many among these tribes migrated into the area at the beginning of the century; a moment in time quite entrenched in the Roman psyche, as the tribesmen reached as far south as the city of Rome itself, sacking it, in what would be remembered as the Gallic disaster.
公元前304年，意大利北部盆地被讲山南高卢语的凯尔特部落所统治。这些部落中的许多人在世纪初移居到了这个地区。这一时期深深地印在了在罗马人的心灵中，当部落成员到达遥远的南方时，他们闯入了罗马城并把它洗劫一空，这就是记载中的高卢之乱。
Apart from occasional raids and mercenary bands, however, this region is not as integrated with Central and Southern Italy. To most states in this region the growing Roman state is not yet seen as a threat.
然而，除了偶尔的袭击和提供雇佣军，这个地区与意大利中部及南部的联系并不紧密。对这个地区的大多数国家来说，不断壮大的罗马国家还没有被视为威胁。
Starting Countries:
初始国家：
Boii: Tribal kingdom centered around the location of the modern city of Bologna. Like many other tribes they are said to have migrated into Italy across the alps, but their exact origin is unknown.
波伊： 在以今天博洛尼亚的位置为中心的部落王国。和许多其他部落一样，据说他们是穿越阿尔卑斯山迁移到意大利的，但是他们的确切起源却不得而知。
Veneti: An Italic people with celtic influences occupying roughly the same location as the modern Veneto region in north eastern Italy.
维内蒂： 一个受凯尔特人影响的意大利民族，大致处于现在意大利东北部的维内托地区。
Lingones: Small tribe from Gaul that has settled in the Po river delta.
林贡斯： 来自高卢的小部落，定居在波河三角洲。
Cenomanni: Tribal Kingdom along the Ph River.
森诺曼尼： 在波河旁边的部落王国。
Insubria: Celtic tribe in the region around the modern city of Milan. The largest of the Lepontic populations. Enemies of the Taurini.
因苏布里亚 ：在现代米兰附近的凯尔特部落。最大的山南高卢语人群。陶里尼的敌人。
Taurinia: Celtic tribal state on the slopes of the western alps. Enemies of the Insubres.
陶里尼： 位于西阿尔卑斯山脉斜坡上的凯尔特部落国家。因苏布里亚的敌人。
Senonii: Small Celtic tribe from Gaul. Responsible for raiding Latium and Etruria as well as the sacking of Rome, and the continued fear of Celtic raids among the Romans.
森诺伊： 来自高卢的凯尔特小部落。是掠夺拉丁姆、埃特鲁里亚，以及洗劫罗马，还有凯尔特人给罗马带来持续不断的劫掠威胁的元凶。
Friniati: Mountainous tribal kingdom in the northern Apennines on the border between Etruria and the Boi.
弗里尼亚蒂： 在北部亚平宁山脉的部落王国，位于埃特鲁里亚和博伊边境。
Genuates: Tribal kingdom on the inhospitable Ligurian coast. Guards one of the routes into Italy, but considered by many to be harder to traverse than using the Alpine passes.
基努阿特： 位于荒凉的利古里亚海岸的部落王国。守卫着一条通往意大利的路线，但许多人认为这条路线比阿尔卑斯山的路线更难穿越。
That was all for today.Hopefully you have enjoyed this diary about the setup at the start of the game. Next week I will talk a bit about the Greek world and of the Greek Military Traditions.
今天的内容就到这里。希望你们喜欢这篇关于游戏初始设定的日志。下一周我们要讲一点关于希腊世界以及希腊军事传统的东西。
EDIT: To clarify a Starting country is one you can select at start. There are no countries on the map that are not playable.
补记：澄清一下，初始国家是你一开始就能选择的。地图上没有哪个国家是不可玩的。
翻译：Lithium 一只走地鸡
校对：zzztotoso 三等文官猹中堂
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