點對點鏈路上的OSPF初始配置- Cisco

使用串列介面上的IP地址的點對點鏈路上的OSPF

本節提供可用於配置運行OSPF並通過點對點串列鏈路連線的路由器的資訊，這些路由器使用HDLC封裝，在串列介面上配置IP地址。

注意： 要查詢有關本文檔使用的命令的更多資訊，請使用命令查詢工具 (僅限註冊客戶)。

本節使用這些配置。

network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 !--- Configures the Serial Interface S0 under OSPF area 0.

使用未編號介面的點對點鏈路的OSPF

本節為您提供了一些資訊，您可以使用這些資訊來配置運行OSPF作為路由協定並且通過PPP封裝和未編號串列介面的點對點串列鏈路連線的路由器。未編號的串列介面是沒有自己的IP地址的介面。這些介面從配置了IP地址的路由器上的另一個介面借用IP地址。有關未編號串列介面的詳細資訊，請參閱瞭解和配置ip unnumbered命令。

注意： 要查詢有關本文檔使用的命令的更多資訊，請使用命令查詢工具 (僅限註冊客戶)。

本節使用這些配置。

Router1

Router2

network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 !--- Configures the Loopback Interface L0 under OSPF area 0. network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 !--- Configures the Loopback Interface L0 under OSPF area 0..

本節提供的資訊可用於確認您的組態是否正常運作。

輸出直譯器工具 (僅供註冊客戶使用)支援某些 show 命令，此工具可讓您檢視 show 命令輸出的分析。

使用串列介面上的IP地址檢驗OSPF配置

這是Router1上發出的 show ip ospf neighbor 命令輸出。

Router1#show ip ospf neighbor
   Neighbor ID   Pri   State       Dead Time       Address        Interface
     2.2.2.2      1   FULL/ -       00:00:32       1.1.1.1         Serial 0

此輸出顯示，Router1有一個路由器ID為2.2.2.2的鄰居，並且已與該鄰居建立完全鄰接關係。地址1.1.1.1是Router2上Serial0介面的IP地址。

有關 show ip ospf neighbor 命令的其他資訊，請參閱 show ip ospf neighbor 命令顯示什麼？

這是 Router1上的show ip ospf interface serial 0 命令的輸出。此輸出將介面Serial0的OSPF網路型別顯示為點對點。

Router1# show ip ospf interface serial 0 
   Serial0 is up, line protocol is up 
   Internet Address 1.1.1.2/24, Area 0 
   Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
   Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
   Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
   Hello due in 00:00:05
   Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
   Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
   Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
   Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
   Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 
   Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
   Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

同樣，此示例顯示 Router2上的show ip ospf neighbor 和 show ip ospf interface 命令的輸出。

Router2# show ip ospf neighbor
   Neighbor ID     Pri    State     Dead Time     Address      Interface
    3.3.3.3         1     FULL/ -    00:00:32      1.1.1.2      Serial0
Router2# show ip ospf interface serial 0
   Serial0 is up, line protocol is up 
   Internet Address 1.1.1.1/24, Area 0 
   Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
   Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
   Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:05
   Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
   Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
   Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
   Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
   Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 
    Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3
   Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

檢驗帶有未編號介面的OSPF配置

Router1和Router2上的 show ip ospf neighbor 命令可確認完全鄰接關係。此輸出將介面Serial0的OSPF網路型別顯示為點對點。您還可以看到兩台路由器上的串列介面的Internet地址為0.0.0.0。這是因為藉由 ip unnumbered 指令從回送介面借用IP位址（在本案例中）。

Router1#show ip ospf neighbor
      Neighbor ID  Pri   State    Dead Time    Address      Interface
      2.2.2.2      1   FULL/ -    00:00:37    2.2.2.2       Serial0
Router1# show ip ospf interface serial 0
Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 0.0.0.0/24, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:08
  Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
    Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

此示例顯示Router2上 show ip ospf neighbor 和 show ip ospf interface serial 0 命令的輸出。

Router2#show ip ospf neighbor
      Neighbor ID   Pri   State   Dead Time   Address   Interface
      3.3.3.3        1   FULL/ -  00:00:30    3.3.3.3    Serial0
Router2# show ip ospf interface serial 0
Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 0.0.0.0/24, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    Hello due in 00:00:08
  Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
  Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
    Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

此範例顯示使用PPP封裝的Router1上的 show ip route 命令的輸出及未編號介面的使用。

Router1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Serial0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0

此範例顯示使用封裝PPP和使用未編號介面的Router 2上 show ip route 命令的輸出。

Router2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Serial0
   此範例顯示使用HDLC封裝的Router1上的show ip route命令的輸出及未編號介面的使用。 
    Router1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 2.2.2.2, 00:00:08, Serial0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0 
   此示例顯示封裝為HDLC的Router2上的show ip route命令的輸出以及未編號介面的使用。 
    Router1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
        2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       3.3.3.3 [110/65] via 3.3.3.3, 00:01:28, Serial0 
    注意：在串列介面上使用IP未編號配置時，show ip route命令的輸出可能不同於PPP封裝和HDLC封裝。PPP將主機路由安裝到作為直連網路的另一端串列介面上使用的IP地址。如果通過OSPF也學習了與此配置相同的字首，則它只顯示為連線的路由(如此show ip route輸出所示)。 這是因為連線的路由比OSPF具有更小的管理距離，而且更優先。您可以在串列介面下發出no peer neighbor-route 命令時更改此行為，該命令會阻止安裝主機路由並將其視為OSPF路由。 
   HDLC不是這種情況，因為它不安裝主機路由。當使用IP未編號時，HDLC為另一端的地址安裝OSPF路由。 
   有關如何排除OSPF問題的資訊，請參閱排除OSPF故障。 
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