多元與辯證的時間觀－讀費爾南•勃羅代爾(Fernand Braudel)，〈歷史和社會科學：長時段〉("History and the Socials Sciences: The longue Duree") A Multidimensional and Dialectical Concept of Time: Introduction and Comment on the Idea of Fernand Braudel

History is a science of time. But, as to how to handle the problem of time, no satisfactory answers were available until Braudel presented his concept of time, Braudel was an important figure of the Annales School. Based on his research, he theorized and systematized the concept of time, and presented a three tiered concept of time, that is, short, mid-range and long time. Correspondingly, he postulated event(a point of time), convergence(several scores of years of the converge of social, political and economical trends) and structure(long time ecological and social structure) in the process of history. Looking at historical phenomena through this perspective, we can understand that history is no longer one dimensional and linear, but three dimensional, In other words, with the Braudel's concept of time, historians can now better treat historical problems.

文柏（2009）。 系統動力理論在史學研究上之應用-一個史學系統思考方法的嘗試 〔碩士論文，淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2009.00620

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