若耳鸣由暂时性因素（如耳部感染或短暂暴露于强噪音）引起，可能自愈。有时，耳鸣可能由于耳垢堵塞耳道引起。在这种情况下，清除耳垢可使耳鸣得到缓解。

慢性耳鸣则不太可能自行消失，但可进行有效控制。另有记录表明，部分慢性耳鸣患者在多年后症状自行缓解 (13) 。

目前尚无明确的治愈方法，但有各种治疗和策略可减轻耳鸣症状，包括

• 耳鸣咨询
• 认知行为疗法
• 助听器和人工耳蜗
• 耳鸣再训练疗法和声音疗法等治疗办法
• 神经调节（通过电或磁刺激神经系统）
• 压力管理 (5, 11, 12) 。

目前尚无药物被证明可有效治疗耳鸣。

控制耳鸣的有益策略主要通过转移注意力（如专注于工作或其他活动）及减少对耳鸣的情绪反应来实现。

为实现这些目标，认知行为疗法、声音疗法、助听器、耳鸣再训练疗法和压力管理技术可能会有帮助。

世卫组织衷心感谢"耳鸣研究倡议"在开发此页面时提供的技术支持。

参考文献

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