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Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi.
2017 Jun 25; 34(3): 461–464.
Language:
Chinese
|
English
听觉稳态反应产生机制研究进展
Progress of generation mechanisms of auditory steady-state response
,
1
,
2
and
1
小丹 谭
南方医科大学 生物医学工程学院(广州 510515),
School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R.China
秋养 符
南方医科大学 生物医学工程学院(广州 510515),
School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R.China
涛 王
南方医科大学 生物医学工程学院(广州 510515),
School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R.China
南方医科大学 生物医学工程学院(广州 510515),
School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R.China
广东省第二人民医院 耳鼻喉科(广州 510317),
Department of Otolaryngology, the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510317, P.R.China
1. 线性叠加假说
1981 年 Galambos 等
[
4
]
报道了由刺激率为 40 Hz 的刺激诱发的 ASSR 和单个刺激诱发的听觉诱发中潜伏期反应(middle latency response,MLR)有着同样的节律,提出 40 Hz ASSR 可能是单个刺激诱发的 MLR 线性叠加而成。如
所示,第一行表示由周期性瞬态刺激组成的刺激序列。线性叠加理论认为每个刺激都会产生一个瞬态反应,如
中间部分。这些瞬态反应线性叠加就得到了图中最下面一行的稳态反应。
2. 频率挟带假说
神经振荡活动普遍存在于大脑神经元、神经环路、丘脑-皮质以及皮质-皮质网络,这些振荡活动可以用多个神经振荡元组成的系统来简单描述。
展现的是 2 个振荡元的合成情况,其基本属性是它们都具有一定的本征振荡频率和自我恢复特性(
第 2、3 行左部)。当有周期性外力(
第 1 行)驱动时,振荡元会逐步调整振荡频率/相位直至和周期性外力同步(
第 2、3 行中部和右部)。当多个振荡元和外力同步时,就会使反应幅度增加形成稳态反应(
最后一行)。因此,频率挟带被认为是稳态反应的可能产生机制
[
21
]
。
3. 总结展望
目前,ASSR 在临床上主要用于听力评估,新的研究进展显示 ASSR 具有非常广博的应用前景。例如,研究显示精神病患者的 40 Hz ASSR 表现异常
[
26
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,而最近关于 40 Hz ASSR 药理学基础的研究发现 40 Hz ASSR 可能作为皮质门冬氨酸神经传递的无创监测手段,有望成为精神疾病治疗中的生物指标
[
27
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。另一方面,ASSR 的神经起源目前还没有统一的认识
[
28
-
29
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,促使研究人员持续关注 ASSR 的产生机制。
新近发展起来的高刺激率瞬态反应重建技术使线性叠加假说在 40 Hz ASSR 的稳定状态下得到了进一步的支持,并有望推广至其它刺激率下的应用。虽然反卷积瞬态反应提取技术采取的是肯定性假设,但通过对该假设的否定可以证明瞬态反应对刺激序列存在一定的敏感性,从而可以用于探索非稳定状态下 ASSR 的产生机制以揭示 ASSR 本质和促进其应用,为临床和基础研究提供一种有效的无创手段。
Funding Statement
国家自然科学基金(61172033,61271154);广东省科技计划(2013B021800322)
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Articles from
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi = Journal of Biomedical Engineering
are provided here courtesy of
West China Hospital of Sichuan University